Astatine (At)
Element 85 · halogen · group 17, period 6
Astatine is element 85, a halogen in group 17 and period 6. Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5. That leaves 7 valence electrons in the outer shell, with the shells filling 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7. It is 1 electron short of a full octet, so it gains them and carries a charge of -1.
- 85 protons
- 7 valence e−
- -1
- p-block
Properties
| Atomic number | 85 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | At |
| Standard atomic weight | 210 u |
| Group | 17 |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | p-block |
| Category | halogen |
| Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p5 |
| Noble-gas notation | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7 |
| Valence electrons | 7 |
| Common ionic charge | -1 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.2 |
| Protons / electrons | 85 / 85 |
Electron configuration of astatine
Orbitals fill from the lowest energy upward. Writing that out for astatine gives 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p5, which is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p5 in plain text.
Everything up to Xe is the same as in that noble gas, so it is usually abbreviated to [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5. The part outside the bracket is what does the chemistry.
| Subshell | Electrons | Capacity |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2 | 2 |
| 2s | 2 | 2 |
| 2p | 6 | 6 |
| 3s | 2 | 2 |
| 3p | 6 | 6 |
| 3d | 10 | 10 |
| 4s | 2 | 2 |
| 4p | 6 | 6 |
| 4d | 10 | 10 |
| 4f | 14 | 14 |
| 5s | 2 | 2 |
| 5p | 6 | 6 |
| 5d | 10 | 10 |
| 6s | 2 | 2 |
| 6p | 5 | 6 |
Astatine ion charge
Astatine commonly forms ions with a charge of -1.
It has 7 valence electrons, so it is 1 short of a full octet and 7 above an empty outer shell. An atom takes whichever route is shorter, which is why the charge comes out as it does.
Common questions
How many valence electrons does astatine have?
Astatine has 7 valence electrons. For a main-group element the count is the group number minus 10, and astatine is in group 17.
What is the electron configuration of astatine?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p5, or [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 written from the previous noble gas. Orbitals fill lowest energy first.
What is the charge of astatine?
Astatine commonly forms ions with a charge of -1. With 7 valence electrons it is 1 short of an octet and 7 above an empty shell, so it takes whichever route is shorter.
How many protons, electrons and neutrons does astatine have?
A neutral astatine atom has 85 protons and 85 electrons. Its standard atomic weight is 210, so the most common isotope has about 125 neutrons.
Nearby elements
See the ionic charge of every element →